Coyote

Exclusion

• Produce livestock in confinement.
• Exclusion fences (net-wire and/or electric), properly constructed and maintained, can aid significantly in reducing predation.
• Herd livestock into pens at night. 

Cultural Methods and Habitat Modification

• Select pastures that have a lower incidence of predation to reduce exposure of livestock to predation.
• Herding of livestock generally reduces predation due to human presence during the herding period.
• Change lambing, kidding, and calving seasons.
• Shed lambing, kidding, and calving usually reduce coyote predation.
• Remove carrion to help limit coyote populations.

Shooting

• Shooting from the ground is effective. 
• Use rabbit distress calls or mimic howling or other coyote sounds to bring coyotes within shooting distance.

Frightening Agents and Repellent

• Guard dogs: Some dogs have significantly reduced coyote predation.
• Donkeys and llamas: Some are aggressive toward canines and have reduced coyote predation. 
• Sonic and visual repellents: Strobe lights, sirens, propane cannons, and others have reduced predation on both sheep and calves.

Trapping

• Modified restraining traps (Nos. 3 and 4 with padded, offset or laminated jaws) are effective, humane and are the most versatile control tool.
  Power snares.
• Foot snares are effective where coyotes pass through or under net-wire fences and in trail sets.  

Other Methods

• Denning: Remove coyotes from dens.